Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2012 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 4 Articles
Experimental tests were carried out to investigate the effects of adding water-based ferrofluid to diesel fuel in a diesel engine. These\r\neffects included the combustion performance and exhaust emission characteristics of the diesel engine. To this end, emulsified\r\ndiesel fuels of 0, 0.4, and 0.8 ferrofluid/diesel ratios by volume were used in a four-stroke diesel engine, operating at 2200 rpm. The\r\nresults indicate that adding ferrofluid to diesel fuel has a perceptible effect on engine performance, increasing the brake thermal\r\nefficiency relatively up to 12% and decreasing the brake-specific fuel consumption relatively up to 11% as compared to diesel fuel.\r\nFurthermore, from the analysis of gaseous species of engine exhaust, it was found that NOx emissions were lower than that of\r\ndiesel fuel while the CO emissions increased. In addition, it was found that nanoparticles can be collected at the exhaust flow using\r\na magnetic bar....
Fast depletion of fossil fuels is urgently demanding a carry out work for research to find out\r\nthe viable alternative fuels for meeting sustainable energy demand with minimum environmental\r\nimpact. In the future, our energy systems will need to be renewable and sustainable, efficient and costeffective,\r\nconvenient and safe. Hydrogen is expected to be one of the most important fuels in the near\r\nfuture to meet the stringent emission norms. The use of the hydrogen as fuel in the internal combustion\r\nengine represents an alternative use to replace the hydrocarbons fuels, which produce polluting gases\r\nsuch as carbon monoxide (CO), hydro carbon (HC) during combustion. In this paper contemporary\r\nresearch on the hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine can be given. First hydrogen-engine\r\nfundamentals were described by examining the engine-specific properties of hydrogen and then\r\nexisting literature were surveyed....
Wireless local loop (WLL) provides reliable, flexible, and economical access to the local telephone service using radio technology\r\nin the place of traditional wireline. In this paper, an analytical model is derived to evaluate the effect of both imperfect power\r\ncontrol and imperfect sectorization on the performance of code division multiple access (CDMA) WLL systems. The results\r\nshow that the capacity degradation, due to imperfect power control, is about 25.8% and 11.5% for single cell and multiple cell\r\nsystems, respectively. Increasing the overlapping angle from 0? to 5? causes the capacity gain to decrease from 6 to 5.53, while the\r\ncorresponding sectorization efficiency drops from 100% to 92.3%....
Vehicular networks are sets of surface transportation systems that have the ability to communicate with each other. There are\r\nseveral possible network architectures to organize their in-vehicle computing systems. Potential schemes may include vehicle-tovehicle\r\nad hoc networks, wired backbone with wireless last hops, or hybrid architectures using vehicle-to-vehicle communications\r\nto augment roadside communication infrastructures. Some special properties of these networks, such as high mobility, network\r\npartitioning, and constrained topology, differentiate them from other types of wireless networks. We provide an in-depth\r\ndiscussion on the important studies related to architectural design and routing for such networks.Moreover, we discuss the major\r\nsecurity concerns appearing in vehicular networks....
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